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TB871: Block 4 Tools stream references

Note: this is a post reflecting on one of the modules of my MSc in Systems Thinking in Practice. You can see all of the related posts in this category


This is another quick post to share the books, articles, and other material referenced in the Block 4 Tools stream that I might want to come back and explore at some point in the future (Open University, 2020).

If you’re following along, you may notice that I wrote a lot more about the VSM than SODA in this part of the module. This is because I’ve had one eye on the assessment, which allows you to focus more on one than the other, and another eye on my calendar.

Ackermann, F. (2012) ‘Problem structuring methods “in the Dock”: arguing the case for Soft OR’, European Journal of Operational Research, 219(3), pp. 652–658.

Ackermann, F. and Eden, C. (2004) ‘Using causal mapping – individual and group, traditional and new’, in Pidd, M. (ed.) Systems modelling. Chichester: John Wiley and Sons, pp. 127–145.

Ackermann, F. and Eden, C. (2020) ‘Strategic options development analysis (SODA)’, in Reynolds, M. and Holwell, S. (eds.) Systems approaches to making change: a practical guide. 2nd edn. Milton Keynes: The Open University/London: Springer, pp. 139–199.

Ackoff, R. (1974) Redesigning the future: a systems approach to societal problems. New York: John Wiley.

Argyris, M. and Schön, D. (1974) Theory in practice: increasing professional effectiveness. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Eden, C. and Ackermann, F. (1998) Making strategy: the journey of strategic management. London: Sage.

Eden, C. and Ackermann, F. (2013) ‘Problem structuring: on the nature of, and reaching agreement about, goals’, EURO Journal of Decision Processes, 1, pp. 7–28.

Giordano, R., Pluchinotta, I., Zikos, D., Krueger, T. and Tsoukiàs, A. (2020) ‘How to use ambiguity in problem framing for enabling divergent thinking: integrating problem structuring methods and concept-knowledge theory’, in White, L., Kunc, M., Burger, K. and Malpass, J. (eds.) Behavioral operational research: a capabilities approach. Cham, Switzerland: Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 93–117.

Lowe, D., Martingale, L. and Yearworth, M. (2016) ‘Guiding interventions in a multi-organisational context: combining the Viable System Model and Hierarchical Process Modelling for use as a Problem Structuring Method’, Journal of the Operational Research Society, 67(12), pp. 1481–1495.

Ramage, M. and Shipp, K. (2020) Systems thinkers. 2nd edn. Milton Keynes: The Open University/London: Springer.

Rosenhead, J. (ed.) (1989) Rational analysis for a problematic world: problem structuring methods for complexity, uncertainty, and conflict. Chichester, UK and New York: John Wiley & Sons.

Rosenhead, J. (2017) ‘Problem structuring methods as an aid to multiple-stakeholder evaluation’, in Miller, D. and Patassini, D. (eds.) Beyond benefit cost analysis: accounting for non-market values in planning evaluation. London and New York: Routledge, pp. 163–171.

References to references

TB871: Block 3 People stream references

Note: this is a post reflecting on one of the modules of my MSc in Systems Thinking in Practice. You can see all of the related posts in this category


A quick post to share the books, articles, and other material referenced in the Block 3 People stream that I might want to come back and explore at some point in the future (Open University, 2020)

Atewologun, D., Cornish, T. and Tresh, F. (2018) Unconscious bias training: an assessment of the evidence for effectiveness. Available at: https://www.equalityhumanrights.com/sites/default/files/research-report-113-unconcious-bais-training-an-assessment-of-the-evidence-for-effectiveness-pdf.pdf (Accessed: 24 March 2020).

Bezrukova, K., Spell, C. S., Perry, J. L. and Jehn, K. A. (2016) ‘A meta-analytical integration of over 40 years of research on diversity training evaluation’, Psychological Bulletin, 142(11), p. 1227.

Damasio, A. (1994) Descartes’ error: emotion, reason and the human brain. London: Vintage Books.

De Bono, E. (1970) Lateral thinking: a textbook of creativity.. Reprint. London: Pelican, 1977.

De Bono, E. (1981) Atlas of management thinking. Harmondsworth: Penguin Books.

Diamond, J. (2005) Collapse: how societies choose to fail or survive. London: Allen Lane.

Diamond, J. (2012) The world until yesterday: what can we learn from traditional societies? New York: Viking Penguin.

Evans, J. and Frankish, K. (eds.) (2009) In two minds: dual processes and beyond. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Everett, D. (2008) Don’t sleep, there are snakes: life and language in the Amazon jungle. London: Profile Books Ltd.

Girod, S., Fassiotto, M. and Grewal, D. (2016) ‘Reducing implicit gender leadership bias in academic medicine with an educational intervention’, Academic Medicine. 2016(31), pp. 1143-1150.

Goleman, D. (1996) Emotional intelligence: why it can matter more than IQ. London: Bloomsbury.

Henrich, J., Heine, S.J. and Norenzayan, A. (2010) The weirdest people in the world? Working Paper No. 139, RatSWD Working Paper Series. Germany: German Data Forum.

Hoffman, D. (2019) The case against reality: how evolution hid the truth from our eyes. London: Allen Lane.

Hoffman, D. (2019) ‘Do we see reality?’, New Scientist, 3 August, pp. 34-37. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0262-4079(19)31434-4.

James, W. (1890) The principles of psychology, (2 vols). New York: Henry Holt and Company.

Janis, I.L. (1982) Groupthink: psychological studies of policy decisions and fiascoes. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.

Janis, I.L. (1971) Groupthink. Reprinted from Psychology Today. Available at https://web.archive.org/web/20100401033524/http://apps.olin.wustl.edu/faculty/macdonald/GroupThink.pdf (Accessed: 26 March 2020).

Kahneman, D. (2011) Thinking, fast and slow. London: Penguin Books.

Kelly, G. (1955) The psychology of personal constructs, (2 vols). New York: Norton.

Marks, P. (2009) ‘NASA criticised for sticking to imperial units’, New Scientist, 22 June. Available at: https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn17350-nasa-criticised-for-sticking-to-imperial-units (Accessed 14 May 2020).

Richardson, J.T.E., (2004) ‘The origins of inkblots’, The Psychologist, 17(6), pp. 334–335.

Richter, I.A., (ed.) (1998) The notebooks of Leonardo da Vinci: selections. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Simons, D.J., and Chabris, C.F. (1999) ‘Gorillas in our midst: sustained inattentional blindness for dynamic events’, Perception, 28(9), pp. 1059–1074.

Syer, J., and Connolly, C. (1987) Sporting body, sporting mind: an athlete’s guide to mental training. London: Simon & Schuster.

Thomas, M.S.C. (2019a) ‘The brain doesn’t like to abstract unless you make it’, in How the brain works. Available at: http://howthebrainworks.science/how_the_brain_works_/the_brain_doesnt_like_to_abstract_unless_you_make_it (Accessed: 26 February 2020).

Thomas, M.S.C. (2019b) ‘Humans apart’, in How the brain works. Available at: http://howthebrainworks.science/humans_apart (Accessed: 26 February 2020).

von Glasersfeld, E. (1995) Radical constructivism: a way of knowing and learning. London: Falmer Press.

Wilson, T., Lisle, D., Schooler, J., Hodges, S., Klaaren, K. and LaFleur, S. (1993) ‘Introspecting about reasons can reduce post-choice satisfaction’, Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 19(3), pp. 331–339. doi: 10.1177/0146167293193010.

Winnicott, D.W. (1971) Playing and reality. New York: Tavistock Publications.

References to references

TB871: Block 3 Tools stream references

Note: this is a post reflecting on one of the modules of my MSc in Systems Thinking in Practice. You can see all of the related posts in this category


A quick post to share (i) a quotation from Dewey shared in the summary to this part of the module, and (ii) the books, articles, and other material referenced in the Block 3 Tools stream that I might want to come explore at some point in the future (Open University, 2020)

Inquiry is the controlled or directed transformation of an indeterminate situation into one that is so determinate in its constituent distinctions and relations as to convert the elements of the original situation into a unified whole.

(John Dewey)

Ashby, W.R. (1956) An introduction to cybernetics. London: Chapman and Hall.

Ashby, W.R. (1960) Design for a brain. 2nd edn. London: Chapman and Hall.

Beer, S. (1959) Cybernetics and management. London: The English Universities Press.

Beer, S. (1972) Brain of the firm: the managerial cybernetics of organization. London: Allen Lane.

Beer, S. (1979) The heart of enterprise. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons.

Beer, S. (1985) Diagnosing the system for organizations. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons.

Conant, R.C. and Ashby W.R (1970) ‘Every good regulator of a system must be a model of that system’, International Journal of Systems Science, 1(2), pp. 89–97.

Dewey, J. (1938), Logic: the theory of inquiry. New York: Henry Holt and Company.

Hofstadter, D.R. (1979) Gödel, Escher, Bach: an eternal golden braid. New York: Basic Books.

Hoverstadt, P. (2020) ‘The viable system model’, in Reynolds, M. and Howell, S. (eds.) Systems approaches to making change: a practical guide. 2nd edn. Milton Keynes: The Open University/London: Springer, pp. 89–138.

Maturana, H.R. and Varela, F.J. (1998) The tree of knowledge: the biological roots of human understanding. Rev. edn. Boston and London: Shambala Publications.

Medina (2011) Cybernetic revolutionaries: technology and politics in Allende’s Chile. Cambridge: The MIT Press.

Naughton, J. (2017) Ashby’s Law of Requisite Variety. Available at: https://www.edge.org/response-detail/27150 (Accessed: 28 November 2019).

Ramage, M. and Shipp, K. (2020) Systems thinkers. 2nd edn. Milton Keynes: The Open University/London: Springer.

References to references

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